Is A Trust Necessary?
Question: Some friends, who I’m sure are far wealthier than I, suggested creating a trust document for my assets. How do I know if this is appropriate for me?
Answer: Many high-net-worth people create trusts to help with estate and tax planning, yet there are other reasons for a trust. Trusts can be used to help retain control and management of assets in the event of disability, protect estate assets from creditors, maximize philanthropic giving, and avoid probate.
The 2017 Tax and Job Acts increased the exemption amounts for estate, gift and generation-skipping for tax purposes from $5 million to $11.8 million; in 2022 this increased to $12.06 million. With proper planning, the bill allows couples to have a combined gift and estate tax exemption amount of about $24.12 million to pass on free of federal estate taxes upon their death. Anything above that amount may be subject to a 40% tax rate. Since most of the population doesn’t fall into this high-net-worth category, let’s look at other reasons why establishing a trust might be beneficial.
Control
A living or revocable trust can be used to retain control of your assets. As the trustee, you map out your inheritance plan and can make changes during your lifetime. At your passing, the trust cannot be changed and eliminates the possibility of undue influence from children, stepchildren, current or past spouses, and any external parties. Another reason for a trust is if there are young children or adults not yet ready to assume financial responsibility, a trust can ensure assets are not mismanaged or recklessly lost. Think of a trust as an umbrella of protection for assets to be controlled by a trustee of your choosing, rather than by your beneficiary, who may be influenced by others.
Security
Protecting assets from creditors, divorce, litigation, and malpractice are additional scenarios to consider when creating or revisiting your estate plan. Asset protection planning discussions should be considered before they’re needed to protect your assets. Certain types of irrevocable trusts may allow assets to transfer and grow outside of your estate. It’s important to work with an estate planner familiar with tax law to determine if, and what type of trust(s) would be effective in your planning.
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